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The Devils River (also known archaically as the Manitoo River)〔(Lapham, ''Wisconsin: Its Geography and Topography, History, Geology, and Mineralogy,'' 1846, p. 93. )〕 is a small 〔U.S. Geological Survey. National Hydrography Dataset high-resolution flowline data. (The National Map ), accessed December 19, 2011〕 river in the state of Wisconsin in the United States.〔(Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, ''West Twin River Watershed,'' June 2010, p. 6. )〕 The Devils River flows primarily through Brown and Manitowoc counties〔 and joins with the Neshota River to form the West Twin River.〔(Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, ''West Twin River Watershed,'' June 2010, p. 4. )〕 It is part of the West Twin River watershed.〔 The Ojibwe name for the river is ''Ma-na-to-kik-e-we-se-be,'' or "Stooping Spirit River."〔(Calkins, "Indian Nomenclature of Northern Wisconsin, With a Sketch of the Manners and Customs of the Chippewa," in ''First Annual Report of the State Historical Society of Wisconsin,'' 1855, p. 120. )〕 The root word ''Ma-na-to'' (or manitou) was often mistranslated as "devil" by early white settlers,〔Vogel, ''Indian Names On Wisconsin's Map,'' 1991, p. 101.〕 which is why the river carries the name it does today.〔(Martin, ''History of Brown County, Wisconsin, Past and Present,'' 1913, p. 12. )〕 ==Geology and ecology of the river== The river flows through agricultural land that drops a gentle per .〔 However, the river does contains a series of three-ledge rapids near its mouth.〔Hoeft, "Pipeline Runs Into History," ''Green Bay Press-Gazette,'' May 6, 2005.〕〔Crawford, ''Walking Trails of Eastern and Central Wisconsin,'' 1997, p. 18.〕 The upper of the river have lower water flow than the lower , and suffer from degraded habitat.〔 In the late summer and fall dry season, much of the upper two-thirds of the river dries out, leaving only unconnected pools.〔 Only on the lower third is sport fishing allowed.〔 Minnows are abundant throughout the river, and among those found in the Devils River are the blacknose dace, common creek chub, common shiner, longnose dace, northern redbelly dace, redside dace, white sucker, and various species of darter.〔(Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, ''West Twin River Watershed,'' June 2010, p. 5, 6. )〕 Sport fish such as black bullhead catfish and rock bass are native to the lower third.〔 The Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources stocks brown trout, northern pike, and rainbow trout in the river, but over-winter survival rates are very low.〔 The rusty crayfish, an invasive species, is now found in the Devils River.〔(Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, ''West Twin River Watershed,'' June 2010, p. 9. )〕 The Devils River is part of the West Twin River watershed. The West Twin River watershed is itself one of seven watersheds contributing to the Twin-Door-Kewaunee River Basin, which empties into Lake Michigan.〔(Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, ''West Twin River Watershed,'' June 2010, p. 1. )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Devils River (Wisconsin)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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